The rgeos library from the RGIS2 tutorial is actually just an API for a program called GEOS written in a language called C++. Let’s us an example of an API that you are already quite familiar with, even if you didn’t realize it. The goal of an API is to facilitate this by acting like as a cross between a translator and a messenger between two different programs. It is often the case that a user working in one programming environment (like R) would like to take advantage of tools written in a different language. This is important because if you get a locality or administrative area, the latitude and longitude you get it just the centroid of the locality, and you should interpret it as such!ĪPI is an (uninformative) acronym for “Application Programming Interface”. administrative_area_level_: these “civil entities”, where 0 is the country, 1 is the first administrative level below that (in the US, states), 2 is below that (in the US, counties), etc.Typically, these “POI”s are prominent local entities that don’t easily fit in another category, such as “Empire State Building” or “Statue of Liberty.” point_of_interest: indicates a named point of interest.locality: indicates an incorporated city or town political entity.street_address: indicates a precise street address.A full list of different types is available from google here, but the most common results (in my experience) are: The type field tells you if google is giving you the location of a house, or just the centroid of a city. Some are points (like houses), while others are areas (like cities). Google thinks of the world as containing a number of different types of locations. I would STRONGLY recommend always using the output="more" option so that you get information on how certain google is about its guess! Note the output option can be set to “latlon”, “latlona”, “more”, or “all” depending on how much information you want back. Neighborhood locality administrative_area_level_1ġ Northwest Washington Washington District of ColumbiaĬountry postal_code administrative_area_level_2 The tool for doing this from within R is found int he ggmap library, and the basic syntax is as follows: library(ggmap) This service is called a google geocoding API (Section 2 below discusses what an API is in general terms).īasically, the google maps API will accept any query you could type into Google Maps and returns information on Google’s best guess for the latitude and longitude associated with your query. You can also connect to external public APIs from your scripts.Google offers a service that allows users to submit requests for the latitudes and longitudes associated with different addresses or place names from within R and to get back results that are easy to work within R. You can integrate GMail, Google Calendar, Docs, Drive, Forms and more. In the documentation you’ll find all services that can be used in your scripts. Google Apps Script can do a lot more than integrating Google Sheets and Google Geocoding API. In this tutorial you learned how to use the Google Geocoding API to automatically geocode addresses on a Google Sheets file. Please refer to the documentation to know what other data are present in the object returned by the Geocoder.
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